Japanese Language

For durative verbs this is quite easy for me to grasp:

鳩が見る: I will see a dove
鳩が見ている: I am seeing a dove
鳩が見た: I saw a dove
鳩が見ていた: I had been seeing a dove

But for perfective verbs — it is quite hard for me:
杪冬の前に雪が溶ける: Before the end of winter the snow will melt
杪冬の前に雪が溶けている: Before the end of winter the snow will already be molten
杪冬の前に雪が溶けた: Before the end of winter the snow melted
杪冬の前に雪が溶けていた: Before the end of winter the snow had already been molten

In both of the last cases before winter began the snow is already in a state of being molten as a result of the melting being complete. So I often make mistakes differentiating the last two cases and treating them as the same even though I consciously know the ～た emphasizes the action being completed and the ～ていた emphasizes the state change being already completed. Maybe someone can help?

Source: https://twitter.com/kudo_70/status/1447140179504939016

In language school, our Japanese teacher told us that in Japanese writing, the type of stroke that you use is important. When learning Kana or Kanji, we should always take special note of Tome, Harai and Hane.

By now, I am wondering, how important that really is. Are there Kanji that you can only differentiate by the type of stroke? I imagine that it might be important when writing by hand, just because it will look strange.

For those who don't know about the different types of lines, this page explains it quite well.

Source: https://twitter.com/tsudashin/status/1413733451488919555

I recently bought a suit to go to a friend's wedding.

New vocab:

• 生地 cloth, fabric
• 生地感 texture of fabric
• 縮める bring in the sides/waist/legs
• 仕立て tailoring, fitting
• 直線的 linear
• 曲線的 curved (style for broad-shouldered as opposed to 直線的 for skinny guys)
• 既製 off-the-shelf, ready-to-wear (as opposed to パターンオーダー)
• お渡し ready, done

What new vocab have you learned in-context recently?

最近、何かを読みながら「忠実」という言葉に出会ったが、ふりがなはなぜか予想の「ちゅう・じつ」の代わりに「ま・め」だった！辞書になかったから、投稿の記事を見つけた。

記事の纏め：

「水面」と書いて「すいめん」と「みなも」。また、「最中」と書いて「さいちゅう」と「もなか」。 漢字の中には、こんなふうにまったく同じ漢字なのに二つの読み方をするものが少なくありません。 そこでこの記事では、上記のように“二つの読み方がある漢字”をピックアップしてご紹介。あなたはいくつ読めるでしょうか？

@japaneselanguage On a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being great and 1 being horrible, how good is Duolingo for learning Japanese?

@japaneselanguage I like how Japanese is simply structured. Especially as a programmer, I have been able to pick up Japanese due to how sentences are structured.

(I don't have a Japanese keyboard.)

watashi wa (
niji ni (
hirugohan o (
tabemasu
)
)
)

Everything can be broken into blocks which is really nice. This is what programming languages do, so this feels very natural to me.

My native language is English, but I am thinking of moving to Japan.

I listen to a lot of podcasts in English, and I've been trying to find good, interesting podcasts in Japanese as well. Audiobooks are also good.

I found すずめの戸締り, but I'd love to hear about other resources that people have found.

I've found that any time I'm interested in a game, looking up let's plays in Japanese has helped me make a lot of connections between the game's contents and Japanese vocabulary.

I'm linking a good example of that with Metroid Dread, which is a game I played last year and I spend a few weeks watching let's plays and reading online content about it in Japanese, mostly because I loved the game, but I also thought that doing so might be a good exercise for intermediate learners as well.

The key to searching for a let's play is to just enter the Japanese name of the game (for example: バイオハザード４ or ダークソウル３）and then adding 実況 which is the keyword here. Any popular game followed by 実況 is likely to yield tons of results, so give it a try if you're into games, and you may learn a lot of vocabulary from it!

Hey all, I barely passed the December 2022 N3 and last month, I went to Japan for the first time and spent two weeks there.

Overall, I was both disappointed and pleased with how far the N3 got me (note I'm talking purely about my skill level -- at no point did I ever show anyone in Japan my N3 certificate lol).

On the one hand, some might say that N3 is enough for anime and conversations with normal people. As someone with a 31/60 on the listening section, this is categorically not true. I never got the chance to, nor do I likely have the ability to, hold a long everyday conversation with anyone in Japan. It's not like I was surprised at my lack of skill by the time I was on the ground in Japan and talking to people, but I did expect to have been able to do so by the time I got an N3 back when I first started studying. So I am a bit sad that that expectation was off.

On the other hand, wow does real immersion make a huge, gigantic difference. When I first landed I had to ask people to repeat themselves slowly two or three times for me to get what they said, and people would often switch to English before I put together what Japanese words (that I already knew) actually corresponded to the sounds I was hearing when they were speaking Japanese earlier. But by the end of the first week, my conversation skill was enough for dining in restaurants, shopping in malls, speaking to hotel staff, and small talk with tour guides 100% in Japanese. It was incredible how comfortable I felt talking about non-trivial upgrade options or specific observation site locations, and it was also incredible how much nicer people treated me when I was speaking Japanese with them vs when my wife would talk first in English. It was absolutely 100% worth it for me to get to this level of skill, and it really made me feel like my work has finally paid off.

To conclude, if you're like me and you grinded almost nothing but Anki all the way to around N3 level, you probably have the same mix of okay vocab/grammar but extremely shitty listening comprehension. If so, I highly recommend greatly increasing the amount of listening practice you do on a daily basis. I'm still not sure what's the best way to study that, but I definitely could have used more of it before my trip. But at the same time, don't despair if you're going on a trip without that. You'll be fine -- trust your subconscious brain and enjoy the huge comprehension gains!

Source: https://twitter.com/shamo0301/status/1456534675376119808 with an omake in the replies! 😊

As the title says: Why is e.g. 靴を脱いだとしたら、家に入り下さい considered unnatural and 靴を脱ぎ終えたら、家に入り下さい is the more natural way of communicating "Please enter the home after you have finished taking off your shoes"

If all V[過去形]としたら are unnatural usage — what is the deeper grammtical reason for it being unnatural?

Hello everyone, and welcome to our (kind of) daily JLPT thread! I'm sorry I couldn't post one of these for the past week. I was busy with work and couldn't get the time to prepare an entire review of a new structure. I'm back and hopefully will be posting these more regularly again. With that said, let's get started!

本日の文法：JLPTN3の「～（という）わけではない」

～わけではない Is a pretty common expression that you're going to find in a lot of media such as anime, manga, manzai and dramas. It's also used in everyday conversation, though, so you will get a lot of mileage out of this one.

For the most part, its meaning is close to "it's not like..." or "...doesn't mean that...", so basically, it's an expression for a partial negation of a statement. You'd use it when you don't want to fully deny something, but still want to point out that something isn't quite correct.

So a few example sentences would be

お金があるから、必ず幸せにるというわけではない。"Having money doesn't necessarily mean you will be happy."

成績が良かったから、他の生徒に教えるのが得意なわけではない。"Having good grades doesn't mean you will be good at teaching other students"

So right now there are a few additional things you may be wondering:

First of all, what is という in this instance, and why is it optional? Is it really always optional or does it have a more nuanced use most of the time?

Generally speaking, where you can use a simple わけではない, you can also use a というわけではない. They're grammatically equivalent in that sense. However, they do have a very slightly different meaning, where という gives the impression that you're taking a less opinionated and more objective approach to the conversation. You would use というわけではない when you perhaps want to make a general statement. Looking at our first example sentence, you will notice that we're talking about a general perspective "money doesn't mean happiness in general", and as such, it doesn't feel like you're talking about anyone in particular, and you're just making a statement. But for our second sentence, you may notice the situation is most likely referring to a successful student that has decided to teach the rest of his class, and is probably not great at it. In this case, leaving out という makes the comment slightly harsher, almost like a criticism to a specific person in question.

So do keep those differences in mind.

Also, it's important to point out that わけではない is a rather stiff way to use this expression, and you may want to use わけではありません in formal contexts, or わけじゃない in more casual contexts. わけではない sounds a bit academic, kind of like the one speaking is a figure of authority. The type of speech you would find in textbooks, newspapers, academic research and similar scenarios.

Some examples for different settings would be

この道まっすぐ行ったら、すぐに図書館に到着するというわけではありません。その前、公園も渡らなければなりません。"You will not reach the library immediately if you walk straight down this road. You have to cross the park first as well."

いや、別に俺の妹が天才なわけじゃないけど、結構頭がいいし、頑張れる人間だから。"Nah, it's not like my sister is a genius or anything, but she's pretty smart, and she works hard."

The first example could be someone giving directions to another person, presumably a complete stranger. In this scenario, using full-on 敬語 would probably be overkill, but using a more informal form would come off as rude. This is why a polite form like this one might work.

The second example is far more informal, but you will also encounter a lot of this in every day life. I've personally found myself speaking to many of my co-workers like this in the office. Definitely not to my boss or other superiors, though, so watch out for that.

I think that will be all for today! Hope everyone is having a nice day, getting ready for JLPT in only 12 days!

This one is a bit tricky, in fact. What it means to say in English is "when the coffee is empty, we won't refill it".

In Japanese, instead of こちらのコーヒーが it should say こちらのコーヒーは. With the は it's correctly implied that the こちらのコーヒーは refers to 終了になります, therefore "the coffee is over (when it's empty)". With the が, even though the mistake is obvious to an experienced speaker, it could be theoretically implied that こちらのコーヒーが refers to なくなり次第, therefore leaving the subject to 終了になります vague/dangling: "when the coffee is empty, [something else] is over".

この先 could be vaguely translated as "from this point onwards", which usually has a temporal meaning "from now on", but in this case it's meant to be spatial, "don't walk past this sign".

(Disclaimer: I'm not a native speaker nor fluent in Japanese. So please take everything said here with a grain of salt. Also, this is my first time creating a post on Lemmy, so I hope I don't make any mistakes.)

I made a post about this topic on Reddit some time ago. I think it's interesting enough to post about it here as well to get the community going.

The Wikipedia article on 無生物主語構文（むせいぶつしゅごこうぶん）describes a difference between Japanese and English (and probably many other languages') sentence structures.

While in English it is okay to have an inanimate subject in a sentence with a transitive verb, a direct translation into Japanese would sound unnatural.

Here is an example: The English sentence "This medicine will make you feel better." can be naturally translated as 「この薬を飲めば、気分が良くなりますよ。」

The inanimate subject in the English sentence ("this medicine") becomes an object in the Japanese sentence, and the "you", which is an object in the English sentence can be thought of as the subject in the Japanese sentence (which is not explicitly mentioned in this case).

Unfortunately, I don't have an easy to follow rule on how to translate such sentences into Japanese, but many examples are translated with simple conditional phrases or something like ～のため or ～のせいで.

Note that all of this only applies to 他動詞. 自動詞 on the other hand can take inanimate subjects without the problem of sounding unnatural.

A google search will yield many more examples.

グーグルで検索してみれば、例文がたかさん見つかれます。

It wanted to give out a message of freedom, but the mistranslation ended up meaning "we are free of charge".

Can't remember where I saw this picture, but it's definitely not one I took.

Image source: https://twitter.com/enaha1025/status/1644292458837323778

Doesn't seem to be available in zlib, and ones I've found online are in very low quality.

I love this podcast. They discuss a lot of the more mind-blowing quirks of language from a Japanese perspective. It has led to some truly mind-blowing moments for me, where I have understood English from a completely new perspective, and I really enjoy it.

The catch is that it gets pretty hard at times! But if you want to discuss it here, that could be pretty fun! This episode was particularly interesting.

For some additional context: they're discussing how amazing "vocabulary" is, and they start the podcast joking around a bit before getting into the subject matter. Hope some of our most daring members give it a try!