So, dear OP, what are the Seven deadly ur-languages?
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OP just wanted to use "ur-" and got carried away
- ur mom lmao
- Uruk-hai
- Urethra
- Urdu language
- Ursa Major
- Ursa Minor
- Uranus
forgot Ur-Quan
I like how you think, fellow lemming
Is ur an English word? Known meaning in English languages? I don't think so? I'm surprised they don't mention why they name it ur-languages.
In German, the word prefix ur means origin, stemming from the word Ursprung (origin). Which makes sense as origin-languages. And could have been named origin-languages, honestly.
Yes, although admittedly I only know it from Umberto Eco's Ur-Fascism
Ah, I looked there on Wiktionary, but only ur
not ur-
😅
Ur is used in German a lot to signify something being ancient or the origin.
Großvater means grandfather. Urgroßvater means great-grandfather.
Ursuppe - Primordial soup
Urknall - Big Bang
Ursprung - Origin
English uses it as a loan word and prefix.
Yes, but it’s a prefix and can’t be used as a word on its own.
I am a native English speaker and I know it. It’s rare though.
Same meaning as in German and apparently we borrowed it from German.
Oh! I assumed it was something to do with the city of Ur, being some sort of analogy for the root of civilisation or something
I believe that's how it became a cognate in English as well. Very common to hear people use ur- to refer to the original or foundation of that thing.
Smells a bit Scandinavian to me. In Norwegian we also use "ur" that way, including "urspråk" (Ursprache, ur-language). We have a different word for origin (opphav), so ur remains a prefix that's difficult for us to translate.
Going by Wikipedia however, the English translation for Norwegian urspråk and German Ursprache is proto-language.
Amazing. I can give myself 6/7 points - I have not done anything in ML, but I've seen Miranda, and it was a clusterfuck...
And what he completely left out are HDLs like VHDL and Verilog, which are a totally different animal requiring a totally different mindset. And I have seen otherwise seasoned programmers being unable to grasp this area of expertise.
This article could've been: learn the different paradigms, here are my favorite languages that follow the paradigm. Done.
Honest question, do you believe that your anti-ai license has any measurable impact on what these companies do with the data they vacuum up from your comments?
Let me rephrase your question: does individual action have impact on the whole?
With that kind of thinking, nobody should do anything ever. No need to vote because your will as a single voter doesn't matter. No need to stop eating meat because most others won't. No need to try to reduce energy consumption because most others won't. No need to boycott a product because most others won't.
So, honest question back: is that really how you want to think?
Open your mind a little; collective action has an impact but individual action may not. Paraphrasing Cloud Atlas, certainly an ocean is nothing more than a vast collection of raindrops, but each individual raindrop collectively acts as a body of water. This dissolves your false dilemma.
I'll give you the benefit of the doubt and assume you were responding to another comment, because in response to mind it doesn't make any sense...
Using licenses to take a political stance is a valid idea. It’s even worthwhile, if there’s little uptake for it. Signaling opposition even if it’s symbolic only, has some value.
An aggressively scraping AI company could easily ignore it and it would be hard to prove a violation.
In college, one of the best courses I took was Programming Languages. It covered a smattering of languages illustrating different approaches and methods. Maybe a week or so on each plus you had to write some code in each.
Why choose self as the exemplar? It may be the "purest", but the list isn't based on "purest" or pascal would be the exemplar of structured languages.
At the very least, improve readability by moving the disclaimer from the last sentence of the section to the first.
Self's descendants are not well-understood in our popular culture. The two most popular (Turing-complete) languages, ECMAScript and Python, are both Self grandchildren, and Java is also a child of Self; yet, the article's author incorrectly believes them to be ALGOL descendants because of surface syntax as well as the Java/ECMAScript focus on performance. Note also that the author doesn't mention E (WP, esolangs), which is akin to Erlang in making message-passing explicit but descends from Self, unlike Erlang which descends from Prolog. (I will give them partial credit for noting that Smalltalk is an ancestor of Java.)
So, the exemplar should be a message-passing everything-is-an-object language designed for JIT with no Prolog influence. The earliest such language in the family tree is Self!
Not sure about a lot of these different languages, but Ruby claims to have taken many many many of its features from smalltalk, so the article is quite strange in that regard too.
tl;dr
When an enthusiastic novice asks what language to learn you should pretentiously tell them it doesn't matter because the majority in use today are similar and trace their roots to the same source.
For pretentious reasons we'll define that source as an *ur-*language because that's a defined prefix that nobody uses in reality so it's a great way to assert I'm more cleverer than you.
Now, here's a long rambling lesson on other ur-languages that nobody uses because they're overly complex but because I'm so much cleverer I clearly know them all.
To conclude I've ignored your original question but don't worry, here's a link to the programming course I sell.
Once you've completed your first you shouldn't bother putting it into practice but instead every year try a language completely unrelated to the first so it's extra difficult. Just ignore the fact it's guaranteed to be a dead language nobody uses in reality. it's more important to be different than have practical skills.
Where is INTERCAL, the ur-esoteric language?
INTERCAL is an ALGOL descendant. A holistic timeline of esoteric languages shows that esoteric languages don't form a family; however, there are several families not mentioned in the article, notably cellular automata and string/wire diagrams.