yA3xAKQMbq

That's nonsense. Chlorinated water is harmless for any human but will make short work of your starter.

Deine Beispiele fallen für mich eher unter die Thematik die ich mit "leistungsloser Gewinn" meinte.

Wenn damit alles was über die Kapitalkosten rausgeht gemeint ist fällt sämtliche Vermietung unter leistungsloser Gewinn. Und das ist auch gesetzlich so gewollt: Bei Neuvermietung darfst du 10% über Mietspiegel vermieten, wodurch der Mietspiegel steigt. Das ist eine Spirale und sie dreht sich umso schneller, je mehr Leute umziehen. Das nennt man dann "Mietpreisbremse".

Wenn du aber unterm Spiegel vermietest kommt das Finanzamt und spricht dir die Gewinnerzielungsabsicht ab. Du landest also über kurz oder lang ganz automatisch bei Übergewinn oder wie immer man das nennen möchte.

Es wird keine singuläre Lösung geben und das derzeitige System funktioniert ganz offenslichtlich nicht.

Es wird gar keine Lösung geben, weil das so gewollt ist. Bis rauf zum BverfG, welches Berlin 2006 dazu gezwungen hat seinen kommunalen Wohnungsbestand zum Spottpreis zu verkaufen.

Edit:

Es müssen gewisse grundlegende Bedingungen des Marktes geändert werden.

Ein Mietendeckel wäre genau das. Oder noch besser allgemein preisgebundener Wohnraum, der nur kostendeckend vermietet werden darf.

Aha. Well, you're right about one thing: sourdough is a symbiotic colony of not just yeast but also LAB. Everything else...

Where do you think the yeast and LAB in your starter come from? Why do you have regional differences in microbial composition? Why do rye and wheat starter have completely different proportions of LAB and yeast? What happens if you change the temperature of your starter during the growth phase?

Go ahead, split your starter, feed one part each with rye, wheat, spelt flour. Now go and take the same flour but grow one at a different temperature from the other. Come back again in three weeks, tell me they're still the same starter.

Your starter is a product of it's surroundings, that is your house microbiota, flour, also water and temperature. And maybe the defining variable is your local microbiota, not the flour, IDK. Doesn't matter.

Source: the starter I bought on Etsy still smells and tastes the same as it did when I bought it a year ago even though I’ve been feeding it my flour.

I highly doubt that a) you have a proper recollection of smell and taste of something you assessed a year ago and b) your senses are a proper indicator of microbial composition.

Source: I studied sensory evaluation methods and conducted studies with several hundred participants.

Also, science.

Lol

Durch einen Stopp werden keine neuen Wohnungen gebaut, im Gegenteil wird wahrscheinlich sogar weniger gebaut.

Es wird auch ohne Mietstopp nicht gebaut: https://www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de/f-ii-2-j

Berlin hat über den Wachstumshype der 10er einen Bauüberhang von über 60000 Wohnungen aufgebaut, d.h. Wohnungen für die Baugenehmigungen existieren, die aber noch nicht fertiggestellt sind. Davon die Hälfte mehr als drei Jahre alt. Warum ist das so?

Es werden überproportional viele Eigentumswohnungen und im Luxusbereich gebaut. Bei einem Zinsniveau von ~1% aber einer Verkaufspreissteigerung von 17%/y und mehr führt das dazu, dass Gebäude angefangen werden, aber nicht fertiggestellt. Das Geld wird dann in eine weitere Immobilie gesteckt, wo das Spiel weiter geht.

Auch gebaut wurden jede Menge Büro-Gewerbeflächen, für >30€/m² Miete, kalt. Kann man sich live anschauen wie gut das funktioniert hat: an der Prenzlauer Allee steht ein ganzer Neubau mit zigtausend m² seit über einem Jahr komplett leer.

Wie solche Geschäftsideen dann ausgehen: https://www.derstandard.de/story/3000000195472/kurz-vor-den-signa-turbulenzen-wanderte-signa-vermoegen-in-benkos-einflussbereich

Ein Mietendeckel ist durchaus eine wichtige Komponente, aber er alleine kann auch nichts daran ändern, dass das komplette System am Arsch ist.

Don't. Starters contain the yeast that's in the flour and the air where they are made. So whatever yeasts are in your bought starter – they will quickly be replaced by the ones you add.

You will end up with what you've gotten with your own flour anyway, so don't bother.

The taste of the starter depends on the flour, a whole rye flour starter will be very different from an italian tipo 00 flour madre lievito.

And since nobody mentioned this: watch the quality of your water. Tap water is very good where I live, but it might be chlorinated at your place.

Well, I guess we can go on forever here, but I think the differences between the EU and the US are too many to find a simple explanation. Wealth distribution, population density, regulations, and so on.

I imagine bike shops in Europe are fairly standalone, small businesses

It's a little bit of everything, tbf. There is a lot of independent local businesses here, for sure, and even in small cities you will find one. But you'll also find the same few brands everywhere. We do have larger manufacturers who own several brands, so if you buy brand X or Y – it's the same company. You have companies like Cube (I think they're popular in the US as well) who run their own flagship stores, and Rose, who dominate online. But even those are mostly owner-managed companies.

I imagine very wealthy people would likely still be driving cars, for the speed and personal convenience.

Well sure, wealthy people here also have a car, they might just replace one car with a cargo bike. What I meant is, in the US even if you're poor, the car is the last thing you're going to give up. For example the thought of living in your car is absolutely alien to me, but I've heard this quite often as an argument from Americans why making fuel more expensive would be classicist. In the US, losing your car is often more devastating than losing your house.

Would both types be called pedelecs,

The speedier ones are called S-Pedelecs, Speed Pedelecs. And yes, they're pretty much like a 50 ccm scooter, and the license needed is not a full auto license, it's the same 16 y old get for their scooter.

but what is the purpose of the license plate?

I don't know, I've never owned one or a moped, but it's the same plate a moped would get, it's some kind of insurance/tax thing I think.

From a brief search, a commuter pedelec here in California is closer to $1.5-$2.5k,

I don't know, what I have seen is that somewhat reliable companies like e.g. Trek also seem to be in the 2.5-3.5 range? I mean, yeah you can buy cheaper ebikes here as well, on Amazon for example. But I have never seen one of those in real life, maybe it's just more common to buy those in the US.

Also bear in mind that prices here are including VAT (19% in Germany) while in the US prices are usually given excluding VAT.

This leads me to believe it must be due to the much lower volumes of cargo bikes sold here.

Probably also because in the US the clientele is exclusively wealthy, while in Europe it's much more diverse. Cars are expensive here, since you have regular inspections, mandatory maintenance, mandatory insurances, etc. Even a small used car will cost you several hundred € per month, all in all.

The amount of people in the US who cannot afford a car but can afford an electric cargo bike is probably zero – in Europe that's totally possible (example given: me 👋).

I also don't believe we have the breadth of cargo bikes as Europe does

I guess so. There's generally no shortage of US bikes here, Giant, Trek, Specialized, Marin, etc. are well known and readily available, but except for Radwagon I don't know a single US cargo bike (and they're leaving Europe at the end of 2023) from the US. Except Tern from Taiwan everything that's being sold here is either Dutch, Danish, German, or Swiss.

rough equivalent of a Europe pedelec is an American class 1 ebike, with max power of 750W and speed of 32 kph

EU pedelecs are limited to 250W and 25 km/h, and then up to 45 km/h for which you need a helmet, a license plate and a driving license.

a conventional commuter-style bicycle might run into the one or two thousand USD range

We're talking € not US$ here, so not sure how this translates, but if by "conventional" you mean analog, then yes, a commuter bike with belt drive and disc brakes is somewhere around 1.5 k€.

Prices have surged in Europe over Covid, the analog commuter I bought for 1090 € in 2019 is now being sold for 1499 €...

Electric (pedelec) commuter/city bikes start at 2 k€, but realistically you're looking at 2.5-3.5 k€.

So cargo bikes are about twice the price of that. Is that justified? Well, depends. You can easily transport two children in there, with a commuter that's a chore.

And Urban Arrows are good, but aren't that fancy or pricey, the market is pretty tight. With a Bullit you're also looking at 5.5-6.5 k€ depending on configuration. Bakfiets are a bit cheaper and Yuba as well, while Riese & Müller can go up to 8 k€.

However (I'm not sure about other countries, this is Germany specific), if you're self employed / run your own company you're eligible for a 25% government grant, and if you're an employee a lot of companies have programs where you can lease one and it's tax deductible.

There's a lot of context missing here, the full "conversation" is this: https://imgur.io/gallery/3xT9L5x

There are several copies/versions of the ML thought (this is also a matter of debate) to be painted by Leonardo himself, and the Prado version – unlike the "original" – has been restored with state of the art techniques, and it shows eyebrows.

One thing many people don't realize is that all those famous paintings looked drastically different at their time, they have faded, yellowed, darkened, and very often have been altered, overpainted, or even cut.

https://brightside.me/articles/16-famous-paintings-that-were-restored-by-talented-professionals-797948/

https://theguardian.com/technology/commentisfree/2021/jul/03/enjoy-the-restored-night-watch-but-dont-ignore-the-machine-behind-the-rembrandt

Entweder wie bereits beschrieben ein PW-Manager, der Emergency Access hat, aber das bieten nicht alle (1Password z.B. nicht), weil es auch ein Risiko darstellt.

Banken haben oft einen Online-Dokumentenspeicher (u.a. Sparkasse, DKB) für eben Kopien wichtiger Dokumente. Und mit der Bank eine Kontovollmacht im Falle des Todes zu vereinbaren ist eh eine sehr hilfreiche Angelegenheit...