A place to share alternatives to popular online services that can be self-hosted without giving up privacy or locking you into a service you don't control.
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I would suggest giving Proxmox a go and virtualise your VMs, as you can easily make snapshots and recover if something goes south.
You can also check https://tteck.github.io/Proxmox/ containing easy deployable scripts to make your life easier.
I would also try to run everything out of Docker compose and create a repo containing all configuration files.
This. ProxMox will save you many times over while you are learning. It makes it so easy to backup and restore, try out new projects in a sandbox, and much much more.
I credit ProxMox with making me bolder about what I wanted to accomplish and having the courage and time to take risks while knowing I could always restore from backup in an instant.
RIP tteck
FYI, now that tteck has passed, the new home is:
Yes, I also heard that he passed, and I really feel bad for the guy, he did an amazing job. Thanks for the link, I didn't know there was a new place.
Debian is kind of the default for many things now, so many guides etc will assume a Debian-like os but if you are familiar with other OSes you can try them just fine. Make sure zfs is supported by the OS properly if you want to use it for your SSDs (which I suggest).
If you are using Docker containers, you can migrate between OSes later relatively easy. Depending on how beefy your optiplex is, you could also use Proxmox as the base os and play with different VMs. Being able to easily snapshot the VMs is pretty great and for me has always been worth the overhead.
I should have mentioned, I prefer to use podman over docker, which apparently doesn't work with ZFS? At least not the Proxmox VE Podman LXC..
Oh, I wasn't aware of that. Not sure if there's a way to achieve that
Debian and either do containers or dont. I have most services without container and a few with, no issues.
One thing I dont see mentioned by anyone is power draw. Figure out how long you intend on running it and what energy expenditure you are comfortable with. Old hardware will usually draw more power.
proxmox is awesome, but i dont think its a right fit for what you're looking to do. if you just want to run a few podman containers, I'd probably go with a server os that is geared towards containers.
check out fedora's coreOS or maybe ucore from the universal blue project. it seems like they're both good candidates for podman. i think opensuse has a similar offering in microOS.
i recently migrated containers from an older Ubuntu server running docker to a ucore server with mainly rootless podman containers. i think I prefer ucore as updates are automated, reboots are scheduled for off hours, and the podman containers are kept updated by systemd service. and cockpit comes on the os image container, so i can poke stuff on a webpage too I guess.
Thanks for this. I went down a bit of a rabbit hole today looking into proxmix, and started thinking that a Dell optiplex won't cut it after reading how using proxmox with zfs uses more resources, plus I kept seeing people recommend ECC ram which is more expensive and is harder to come by.
I'm look at ucore, but most install instructions for things are targeted at debian systems using apt. I guess that's not a major hurdle though.
Proxmox still peaks my interest, and maybe one-day when I can afford a decent setup I'll get into it some more.
Some key points regarding Proxmox:
For reference, my oldest Proxmox server is a 2013 AMD dualcore 16GB DDR2 ram with VMs on LVMthin on a single SSD, with legacy VM doing mdraid of 3 HDDs using hardware passthrough. Performance is still OK, the overhead from Proxmox is negligible compared to strain from the actual workloads
~~Do you recommend ucore or ucore-minimal?~~
So installing looks a bit convoluted. How do you install uCore? Install Silverblue and then rebase to uCore?
Haha, you're not wrong about it seeming a little extra to get installed.
I used coreos live ISO and coreos-installer with the ignition file produced from a ucore-autorebase.butane file. I lightly edited the example butane file with the ssh keys I wanted to use, password hash, and "ucore-minimal:stable-nvidia" since I've got an old 1060 gpu in the server for jellyfin.
Going container-only on a Debian base is a very stable environment without filling up your system with leftovers from experimenting with new services.
And yes, Jellyfin runs fine in a container.
I prefer podman over docker. It works, but I wonder if I'm missing out an anything not using docker? I'm still new to containers
podman is the future compared to docker
If you're going down the road of a container for Jellyfin, you might want to check out YAMS which is a full Arr stack in docker.
Not sure how popular of an opinion this is these days, but unraid is dead simple to use. It's not free, and I think they changed their licensing since I got it, but damn is it nice. Just go to the app store, pick out what you want, fill out a form for ports and such and ban, docker containers spin up with everything you need.
Unraid was worth every cent.
I really like running proxmox and then containers for my apps, proxmox being basically Debian already.
Explain proxmox to me like I'm 5. Is it a VM? I see a bunch of scripts on their website, but i'm confused...
Nevermind, I had an LLM explain it to me. This looks like the go!
Would you run both containers (jellyfin & immich) inside the same VM? or create a separate VM for each service?
There is no need to have them on separate VMs, as containers are already isolated and additional VMs will add more overhead.
It is worth exploring the LXC containers too, even though I prefer Docker with compose for its declarativeness.
I run each of them separately in containers!
How did you put Immich in a container? I’ve struggled with that the last couple of weeks.
AFAIK that's the recommended way to install immich from the docs themselves: https://immich.app/docs/install/docker-compose
Oh, for some reason I read them as LXC containers instead of as docker.
I followed the installation guide on the website for docker-compose, although I ust replaced the command with podman-compose because I prefer to use podman.
Debian stable is great: it's, well, stable. It's well supported, has an extremely long support window, and the distro has a pretty stellar track record of not doing anything stupid.
It's very much in the install-once-and-forget-it category, just gotta do updates.
I run everything in containers for management (but I'm also running something like 90 containers, so a little more complex than your setup) and am firmly of the opinion that, unless you have a compelling reason to NOT run something in a container, just use the containerized version.
Can’t say enough good things about ProxMox. Pair it with Proxmox Backup Server and you’re golden. If you/an upgrade breaks something, just restore that LXC/VM from backup. Can’t pay enough for that kind of peace of mind. And PBS will take care of deduplication, retention and verification.
You run a server for yourself. It can boot every day without issues. It can even hibernate while you sleep at 4am.
You can perform updates every day without issues.
You want to run everything in a container, docker, podman, or friends.
The host does not really matter, it's all linux. Use the one that you are comfortable with. I chose fedora because I use the workstation. My second server is still on ubuntu. I won't change it until I change the machine because it doesn't matter that much. They are all stable.