cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10206

Creating a Helm Chart for Kubernetes

In this tutorial, we will learn how to create a Helm chart for deploying applications on Kubernetes. Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes that simplifies the deployment and management of applications. By using Helm charts, you can define and version your application deployments as reusable templates.

Prerequisites

Before we begin, make sure you have the following prerequisites installed:

• Helm: Follow the official Helm documentation for installation instructions.

Step 1: Initialize a Helm Chart

To start creating a Helm chart, open a terminal and navigate to the directory where you want to create your chart. Then, run the following command:

helm create my-chart

This will create a new directory named my-chart with the basic structure of a Helm chart.

Step 2: Customize the Chart

Inside the my-chart directory, you will find several files and directories. The most important ones are:

• Chart.yaml: This file contains metadata about the chart, such as its name, version, and dependencies.
• values.yaml: This file defines the default values for the configuration options used in the chart.
• templates/: This directory contains the template files for deploying Kubernetes resources.

You can customize the chart by modifying these files and adding new ones as needed. For example, you can update the Chart.yaml file with your desired metadata and edit the values.yaml file to set default configuration values.

Step 3: Define Kubernetes Resources

To deploy your application on Kubernetes, you need to define the necessary Kubernetes resources in the templates/ directory. Helm uses the Go template language to generate Kubernetes manifests from these templates.

For example, you can create a deployment.yaml template to define a Kubernetes Deployment:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: {{ .Release.Name }}-deployment
spec:
  replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: {{ .Release.Name }}
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: {{ .Release.Name }}
          image: {{ .Values.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.image.tag }}
          ports:
            - containerPort: {{ .Values.containerPort }}

This template uses the values defined in values.yaml to customize the Deployment's name, replica count, image, and container port.

Step 4: Package and Install the Chart

Once you have defined your Helm chart and customized the templates, you can package and install it on a Kubernetes cluster. To package the chart, run the following command:

helm package my-chart

This will create a .tgz file containing the packaged chart.

To install the chart on a Kubernetes cluster, use the following command:

helm install my-release my-chart-0.1.0.tgz

Replace my-release with the desired release name and my-chart-0.1.0.tgz with the name of your packaged chart.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have learned how to create a Helm chart for deploying applications on Kubernetes. By leveraging Helm's package management capabilities, you can simplify the deployment and management of your Kubernetes-based applications.

Feel free to explore the Helm documentation for more advanced features and best practices.

Happy charting!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10206

Creating a Helm Chart for Kubernetes

In this tutorial, we will learn how to create a Helm chart for deploying applications on Kubernetes. Helm is a package manager for Kubernetes that simplifies the deployment and management of applications. By using Helm charts, you can define and version your application deployments as reusable templates.

Prerequisites

Before we begin, make sure you have the following prerequisites installed:

• Helm: Follow the official Helm documentation for installation instructions.

Step 1: Initialize a Helm Chart

To start creating a Helm chart, open a terminal and navigate to the directory where you want to create your chart. Then, run the following command:

helm create my-chart

This will create a new directory named my-chart with the basic structure of a Helm chart.

Step 2: Customize the Chart

Inside the my-chart directory, you will find several files and directories. The most important ones are:

• Chart.yaml: This file contains metadata about the chart, such as its name, version, and dependencies.
• values.yaml: This file defines the default values for the configuration options used in the chart.
• templates/: This directory contains the template files for deploying Kubernetes resources.

You can customize the chart by modifying these files and adding new ones as needed. For example, you can update the Chart.yaml file with your desired metadata and edit the values.yaml file to set default configuration values.

Step 3: Define Kubernetes Resources

To deploy your application on Kubernetes, you need to define the necessary Kubernetes resources in the templates/ directory. Helm uses the Go template language to generate Kubernetes manifests from these templates.

For example, you can create a deployment.yaml template to define a Kubernetes Deployment:

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: {{ .Release.Name }}-deployment
spec:
  replicas: {{ .Values.replicaCount }}
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: {{ .Release.Name }}
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: {{ .Release.Name }}
          image: {{ .Values.image.repository }}:{{ .Values.image.tag }}
          ports:
            - containerPort: {{ .Values.containerPort }}

This template uses the values defined in values.yaml to customize the Deployment's name, replica count, image, and container port.

Step 4: Package and Install the Chart

Once you have defined your Helm chart and customized the templates, you can package and install it on a Kubernetes cluster. To package the chart, run the following command:

helm package my-chart

This will create a .tgz file containing the packaged chart.

To install the chart on a Kubernetes cluster, use the following command:

helm install my-release my-chart-0.1.0.tgz

Replace my-release with the desired release name and my-chart-0.1.0.tgz with the name of your packaged chart.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have learned how to create a Helm chart for deploying applications on Kubernetes. By leveraging Helm's package management capabilities, you can simplify the deployment and management of your Kubernetes-based applications.

Feel free to explore the Helm documentation for more advanced features and best practices.

Happy charting!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10106

Author: Swapnanil Chatterjee

India gifts missile warship INS Kirpan to Vietnam, bolstering maritime security & strategic partnership amid Chinese concerns.

India has gifted an indigenously-built missile warship, INS Kirpan, to its strategic partner Vietnam with the aim of strengthening its reach in the South China Sea. The announcement came after India's Defence Minister, Rajnath Singh, held a meeting with his Vietnamese counterpart, General Phan Van Gang, in the national capital on June 9.

3 Things You Need to Know about Gifting the Kirpan

• The gift of INS Kirpan, an in-service missile corvette, will enhance the Vietnamese People's Navy.
• Vietnam is a vital partner in India's Act East policy, and the gift of Kirpan strengthens this alliance.
• During the visit, Ministers discussed defence cooperation, research, and joint production.

Enhanced maritime security with INS Kirpan

The missile corvette will become the second largest in Vietnam's arsenal and provide a cost-effective solution for Vietnam's coastal defence and patrol operations. With its smaller crew requirements and efficient operation in littoral waters, INS Kirpan offers an efficient and affordable option. It has been designed with multi-purpose capabilities, including anti-ship warfare, anti-submarine warfare, and patrol missions. This versatility allows the Vietnamese Navy to effectively address a wide range of maritime security challenges. Given Vietnam's significant coastal territory, these corvettes can conduct surveillance, enforce maritime law, and respond effectively to threats in nearshore areas. Additionally, acquiring corvettes with capable armament and sensors contributes to regional stability, enabling Vietnam to maintain a credible defence posture and engage in cooperative maritime security efforts with neighbouring countries, fostering stability and cooperation in the region.

Deepening mutual cooperation for further growth

This gesture also signifies the deepening alliance between Vietnam and India, which has been steadily growing over the past decade. The Ministry of Defense's official release stated, "Both Ministers identified means to enhance existing areas of collaboration, especially in the field of defence industry cooperation, maritime security, and multinational cooperation." The officials also discussed defence research and joint production during the Vietnamese defence minister's visit to the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) headquarters.”

Kirpan Strengthens India's 'Look East' Policy

During General Phan Van Gang's visit to India, a solemn wreath-laying ceremony was held at the National War Memorial, where he paid homage to the fallen heroes. In the future, the collaboration can extend beyond defence equipment and encompass joint exercises, information sharing, and capacity building.

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10044

Beginner's Guide to nc (Netcat)

Welcome to the beginner's guide to nc (Netcat)! Netcat is a versatile networking utility that allows you to read from and write to network connections using TCP or UDP. It's a powerful tool for network troubleshooting, port scanning, file transfer, and even creating simple network servers. In this guide, we'll cover the basics of nc and how to use it effectively.

Installation

To use nc, you first need to install it on your system. The installation process may vary depending on your operating system. Here are a few common methods:

Linux

On most Linux distributions, nc is usually included by default. If it's not installed, you can install it using your package manager. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install netcat

macOS

macOS doesn't come with nc pre-installed, but you can easily install it using the Homebrew package manager. Open a terminal and run:

brew install netcat

Windows

For Windows users, you can download the official version of nc from the Nmap project's website. Choose the appropriate installer for your system and follow the installation instructions.

Basic Usage

Once you have nc installed, you can start using it to interact with network connections. Here are a few common use cases:

Connect to a Server

To connect to a server using nc, you need to know the server's IP address or domain name and the port number it's listening on. Use the following command:

nc <host> <port>

For example, to connect to a web server running on example.com on port 80, you would run:

nc example.com 80

Send and Receive Data

After establishing a connection, you can send and receive data through nc. Anything you type will be sent to the server, and any response from the server will be displayed on your screen. Simply type your message and press Enter.

File Transfer

nc can also be used for simple file transfer between two machines. One machine acts as the server and the other as the client. On the receiving machine (server), run the following command:

nc -l <port> > output_file

On the sending machine (client), use the following command to send a file:

nc <server_ip> <port> < input_file

The receiving machine will save the file as output_file. Make sure to replace <port>, <server_ip>, input_file, and output_file with the appropriate values.

Port Scanning

Another useful feature of nc is port scanning. It allows you to check if a particular port on a remote machine is open or closed. Use the following command:

nc -z <host> <start_port>-<end_port>

For example, to scan ports 1 to 100 on example.com, run:

nc -z example.com 1-100

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've learned the basics of nc and how to use it for various network-related tasks. This guide only scratches the surface of nc's capabilities, so feel free to explore more advanced features and options in the official documentation or online resources. Happy networking!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10044

Beginner's Guide to nc (Netcat)

Welcome to the beginner's guide to nc (Netcat)! Netcat is a versatile networking utility that allows you to read from and write to network connections using TCP or UDP. It's a powerful tool for network troubleshooting, port scanning, file transfer, and even creating simple network servers. In this guide, we'll cover the basics of nc and how to use it effectively.

Installation

To use nc, you first need to install it on your system. The installation process may vary depending on your operating system. Here are a few common methods:

Linux

On most Linux distributions, nc is usually included by default. If it's not installed, you can install it using your package manager. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install netcat

macOS

macOS doesn't come with nc pre-installed, but you can easily install it using the Homebrew package manager. Open a terminal and run:

brew install netcat

Windows

For Windows users, you can download the official version of nc from the Nmap project's website. Choose the appropriate installer for your system and follow the installation instructions.

Basic Usage

Once you have nc installed, you can start using it to interact with network connections. Here are a few common use cases:

Connect to a Server

To connect to a server using nc, you need to know the server's IP address or domain name and the port number it's listening on. Use the following command:

nc <host> <port>

For example, to connect to a web server running on example.com on port 80, you would run:

nc example.com 80

Send and Receive Data

After establishing a connection, you can send and receive data through nc. Anything you type will be sent to the server, and any response from the server will be displayed on your screen. Simply type your message and press Enter.

File Transfer

nc can also be used for simple file transfer between two machines. One machine acts as the server and the other as the client. On the receiving machine (server), run the following command:

nc -l <port> > output_file

On the sending machine (client), use the following command to send a file:

nc <server_ip> <port> < input_file

The receiving machine will save the file as output_file. Make sure to replace <port>, <server_ip>, input_file, and output_file with the appropriate values.

Port Scanning

Another useful feature of nc is port scanning. It allows you to check if a particular port on a remote machine is open or closed. Use the following command:

nc -z <host> <start_port>-<end_port>

For example, to scan ports 1 to 100 on example.com, run:

nc -z example.com 1-100

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've learned the basics of nc and how to use it for various network-related tasks. This guide only scratches the surface of nc's capabilities, so feel free to explore more advanced features and options in the official documentation or online resources. Happy networking!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/10044

Beginner's Guide to nc (Netcat)

Welcome to the beginner's guide to nc (Netcat)! Netcat is a versatile networking utility that allows you to read from and write to network connections using TCP or UDP. It's a powerful tool for network troubleshooting, port scanning, file transfer, and even creating simple network servers. In this guide, we'll cover the basics of nc and how to use it effectively.

Installation

To use nc, you first need to install it on your system. The installation process may vary depending on your operating system. Here are a few common methods:

Linux

On most Linux distributions, nc is usually included by default. If it's not installed, you can install it using your package manager. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install netcat

macOS

macOS doesn't come with nc pre-installed, but you can easily install it using the Homebrew package manager. Open a terminal and run:

brew install netcat

Windows

For Windows users, you can download the official version of nc from the Nmap project's website. Choose the appropriate installer for your system and follow the installation instructions.

Basic Usage

Once you have nc installed, you can start using it to interact with network connections. Here are a few common use cases:

Connect to a Server

To connect to a server using nc, you need to know the server's IP address or domain name and the port number it's listening on. Use the following command:

nc <host> <port>

For example, to connect to a web server running on example.com on port 80, you would run:

nc example.com 80

Send and Receive Data

After establishing a connection, you can send and receive data through nc. Anything you type will be sent to the server, and any response from the server will be displayed on your screen. Simply type your message and press Enter.

File Transfer

nc can also be used for simple file transfer between two machines. One machine acts as the server and the other as the client. On the receiving machine (server), run the following command:

nc -l <port> > output_file

On the sending machine (client), use the following command to send a file:

nc <server_ip> <port> < input_file

The receiving machine will save the file as output_file. Make sure to replace <port>, <server_ip>, input_file, and output_file with the appropriate values.

Port Scanning

Another useful feature of nc is port scanning. It allows you to check if a particular port on a remote machine is open or closed. Use the following command:

nc -z <host> <start_port>-<end_port>

For example, to scan ports 1 to 100 on example.com, run:

nc -z example.com 1-100

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've learned the basics of nc and how to use it for various network-related tasks. This guide only scratches the surface of nc's capabilities, so feel free to explore more advanced features and options in the official documentation or online resources. Happy networking!

Beginner's Guide to nc (Netcat)

Welcome to the beginner's guide to nc (Netcat)! Netcat is a versatile networking utility that allows you to read from and write to network connections using TCP or UDP. It's a powerful tool for network troubleshooting, port scanning, file transfer, and even creating simple network servers. In this guide, we'll cover the basics of nc and how to use it effectively.

Installation

To use nc, you first need to install it on your system. The installation process may vary depending on your operating system. Here are a few common methods:

Linux

On most Linux distributions, nc is usually included by default. If it's not installed, you can install it using your package manager. For example, on Ubuntu or Debian, open a terminal and run:

sudo apt-get install netcat

macOS

macOS doesn't come with nc pre-installed, but you can easily install it using the Homebrew package manager. Open a terminal and run:

brew install netcat

Windows

For Windows users, you can download the official version of nc from the Nmap project's website. Choose the appropriate installer for your system and follow the installation instructions.

Basic Usage

Once you have nc installed, you can start using it to interact with network connections. Here are a few common use cases:

Connect to a Server

To connect to a server using nc, you need to know the server's IP address or domain name and the port number it's listening on. Use the following command:

nc <host> <port>

For example, to connect to a web server running on example.com on port 80, you would run:

nc example.com 80

Send and Receive Data

After establishing a connection, you can send and receive data through nc. Anything you type will be sent to the server, and any response from the server will be displayed on your screen. Simply type your message and press Enter.

File Transfer

nc can also be used for simple file transfer between two machines. One machine acts as the server and the other as the client. On the receiving machine (server), run the following command:

nc -l <port> > output_file

On the sending machine (client), use the following command to send a file:

nc <server_ip> <port> < input_file

The receiving machine will save the file as output_file. Make sure to replace <port>, <server_ip>, input_file, and output_file with the appropriate values.

Port Scanning

Another useful feature of nc is port scanning. It allows you to check if a particular port on a remote machine is open or closed. Use the following command:

nc -z <host> <start_port>-<end_port>

For example, to scan ports 1 to 100 on example.com, run:

nc -z example.com 1-100

Conclusion

Congratulations! You've learned the basics of nc and how to use it for various network-related tasks. This guide only scratches the surface of nc's capabilities, so feel free to explore more advanced features and options in the official documentation or online resources. Happy networking!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/9337

https://lemmy.run/c/linuxadmin

[email protected]

[email protected]

Hello r/linuxadmin reddit refugees to c/linuxadmin.

I moved to Lemmy and was missing one of my favorite sub.

After missing it, I decided to create and make it available to others like me.

Welcome all and let's create a healthy environment for discussion and sharing tips.

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/8710

Beginner's Guide to htop

Introduction

htop is an interactive process viewer and system monitor for Linux systems. It provides a real-time overview of your system's processes, resource usage, and other vital system information. This guide will help you get started with htop and understand its various features.

Installation

We are assuming that you are using ubuntu or debain based distros here.

To install htop, follow these steps:

1. Open the terminal.
2. Update the package list by running the command: sudo apt update.
3. Install htop by running the command: sudo apt install htop.
4. Enter your password when prompted.
5. Wait for the installation to complete.

Launching htop

Once htop is installed, you can launch it by following these steps:

1. Open the terminal.
2. Type htop and press Enter.

Understanding the htop Interface

After launching htop, you'll see the following information on your screen:

1. A header displaying the system's uptime, load average, and total number of tasks.
2. A list of processes, each represented by a row.
3. A footer showing various system-related information.

Navigating htop

htop provides several keyboard shortcuts for navigating and interacting with the interface. Here are some common shortcuts:

• Arrow keys: Move the cursor up and down the process list.
• Enter: Expand or collapse a process to show or hide its children.
• Space: Tag or untag a process.
• F1: Display the help screen with a list of available shortcuts.
• F2: Change the setup options, such as columns displayed and sorting methods.
• F3: Search for a specific process by name.
• F4: Filter the process list by process owner.
• F5: Tree view - display the process hierarchy as a tree.
• F6: Sort the process list by different columns, such as CPU usage or memory.
• F9: Send a signal to a selected process, such as terminating it.
• F10: Quit htop and exit the program.

Customizing htop

htop allows you to customize its appearance and behavior. You can modify settings such as colors, columns displayed, and more. To access the setup menu, press the F2 key. Here are a few options you can modify:

• Columns: Select which columns to display in the process list.
• Colors: Customize the color scheme used by htop.
• Meters: Choose which system meters to display in the header and footer.
• Sorting: Set the default sorting method for the process list.

Exiting htop

To exit htop and return to the terminal, press the F10 key or simply close the terminal window.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You now have a basic understanding of how to use htop on the Linux bash terminal. With htop, you can efficiently monitor system processes, resource usage, and gain valuable insights into your Linux system. Explore the various features and options available in htop to get the most out of this powerful tool.

Remember, you can always refer to the built-in help screen (F1) for a complete list of available shortcuts and commands.

Enjoy using htop and happy monitoring!

cross-posted from: https://lemmy.run/post/9328

1. Introduction to awk:

   awk is a powerful text processing tool that allows you to manipulate structured data and perform various operations on it. It uses a simple pattern-action paradigm, where you define patterns to match and corresponding actions to be performed.

2. Basic Syntax:

   The basic syntax of awk is as follows:

   awk 'pattern { action }' input_file
   

   • The pattern specifies the conditions that must be met for the action to be performed.
   • The action specifies the operations to be carried out when the pattern is matched.
   • The input_file is the file on which you want to perform the awk operation. If not specified, awk reads from standard input.

3. Printing Lines:

   To start with, let's see how to print lines in Markdown using awk. Suppose you have a Markdown file named input.md.

   • To print all lines, use the following command:

     awk '{ print }' input.md
     

   • To print lines that match a specific pattern, use:

     awk '/pattern/ { print }' input.md
     

4. Field Separation:

   By default, awk treats each line as a sequence of fields separated by whitespace. You can access and manipulate these fields using the $ symbol.

   • To print the first field of each line, use:

     awk '{ print $1 }' input.md
     

5. Conditional Statements:

   awk allows you to perform conditional operations using if statements.

   • To print lines where a specific field matches a condition, use:

     awk '$2 == "value" { print }' input.md
     

6. Editing Markdown Files:

   Markdown files often contain structured elements such as headings, lists, and links. You can use awk to modify and manipulate these elements.

   • To change all occurrences of a specific word, use the gsub function:

     awk '{ gsub("old_word", "new_word"); print }' input.md
     

7. Saving Output:

   By default, awk prints the result on the console. If you want to save it to a file, use the redirection operator (>).

   • To save the output to a file, use:

     awk '{ print }' input.md > output.md
     

8. Further Learning:

   This guide provides a basic introduction to using awk for text manipulation in Markdown. To learn more advanced features and techniques, refer to the awk documentation and explore additional resources and examples available online.

Remember, awk is a versatile tool, and its applications extend beyond Markdown manipulation. It can be used for various text processing tasks in different contexts.

1. Introduction to awk:

   awk is a powerful text processing tool that allows you to manipulate structured data and perform various operations on it. It uses a simple pattern-action paradigm, where you define patterns to match and corresponding actions to be performed.

2. Basic Syntax:

   The basic syntax of awk is as follows:

   awk 'pattern { action }' input_file
   

   • The pattern specifies the conditions that must be met for the action to be performed.
   • The action specifies the operations to be carried out when the pattern is matched.
   • The input_file is the file on which you want to perform the awk operation. If not specified, awk reads from standard input.

3. Printing Lines:

   To start with, let's see how to print lines in Markdown using awk. Suppose you have a Markdown file named input.md.

   • To print all lines, use the following command:

     awk '{ print }' input.md
     

   • To print lines that match a specific pattern, use:

     awk '/pattern/ { print }' input.md
     

4. Field Separation:

   By default, awk treats each line as a sequence of fields separated by whitespace. You can access and manipulate these fields using the $ symbol.

   • To print the first field of each line, use:

     awk '{ print $1 }' input.md
     

5. Conditional Statements:

   awk allows you to perform conditional operations using if statements.

   • To print lines where a specific field matches a condition, use:

     awk '$2 == "value" { print }' input.md
     

6. Editing Markdown Files:

   Markdown files often contain structured elements such as headings, lists, and links. You can use awk to modify and manipulate these elements.

   • To change all occurrences of a specific word, use the gsub function:

     awk '{ gsub("old_word", "new_word"); print }' input.md
     

7. Saving Output:

   By default, awk prints the result on the console. If you want to save it to a file, use the redirection operator (>).

   • To save the output to a file, use:

     awk '{ print }' input.md > output.md
     

8. Further Learning:

   This guide provides a basic introduction to using awk for text manipulation in Markdown. To learn more advanced features and techniques, refer to the awk documentation and explore additional resources and examples available online.

Remember, awk is a versatile tool, and its applications extend beyond Markdown manipulation. It can be used for various text processing tasks in different contexts.